Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Indian Territory, 1836-1856 1836-01-01 1836-01-01 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 26th (1839-1841); 24th (1835-1837); 27th (1841-1843); 29th (1845-1847); 33rd (1853-1855); 25th (1837-1839); 31st (1849-1851); 30th (1847-1849); 34th (1855-1857); 32nd (1851-1853); 28th (1843-1845) John William "Elmer" Thomas Collection CAC_CC_053_4_0_1_0000, Box 1, Folder 34, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/47 CAC_CC_053_4_0000_1_34 https://jones-2.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/John%20William%20Elmer%20Thomas%20Collection%2FMaps,%20CAC_CC_053_4_0000_0000_0000%2Fthumbnails%2FCAC_CC_053_4_0000_1_34_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/889026 https://jones-2.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/John%20William%20Elmer%20Thomas%20Collection%2FMaps,%20CAC_CC_053_4_0000_0000_0000%2FCAC_CC_053_4_0000_1_34.pdf maps (documents) 1 Page Historical map depicting the outline of Native American land and including townships. Dimensions: 10 5/8 x 8 3/8. Image Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK "Geographical Overview of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Projects Across the United States" 1856-2007 1856/2007 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 109th (2005-2007); 76th (1939-1941); 75th (1937-1939); 85th (1957-1959); 52nd (1891-1893); 102nd (1991-1993); 86th (1959-1961); 87th (1961-1963); 81st (1949-1951); 73rd (1933-1935); 51st (1889-1891); 49th (1885-1887); 54th (1895-1897); 70th (1927-1929); 47th (1881-1883); 43rd (1873-1875); 60th (1907-1909); 56th (1899-1901); 58th (1903-1905); 55th (1897-1899); 65th (1917-1919); 35th (1857-1859); 80th (1947-1949); 50th (1887-1889); 59th (1905-1907); 103rd (1993-1995); 66th (1919-1921); 68th (1923-1925); 45th (1877-1879); 61st (1909-1911); 36th (1859-1861); 42nd (1871-1873); 67th (1921-1923); 77th (1941-1943); 88th (1963-1965); 91st (1969-1971); 108th (2003-2005); 39th (1865-1867); 110th (2007-2009); 69th (1925-1927); 106th (1999-2001); 71st (1929-1931); 98th (1983-1985); 62nd (1911-1913); 83rd (1953-1955); 96th (1979-1981); 74th (1935-1937); 63rd (1913-1915); 78th (1943-1945); 84th (1955-1957); 107th (2001-2003); 79th (1945-1947); 40th (1867-1869); 93rd (1973-1975); 38th (1863-1865); 46th (1879-1881); 95th (1977-1979); 41st (1869-1871); 99th (1985-1987); 53rd (1893-1895); 101st (1989-1991); 97th (1981-1983); 64th (1915-1917); 82nd (1951-1953); 44th (1875-1877); 94th (1975-1977); 105th (1997-1999); 34th (1855-1857); 100th (1987-1989); 90th (1967-1969); 57th (1901-1903); 37th (1861-1863); 48th (1883-1885); 89th (1965-1967); 104th (1995-1997); 92nd (1971-1973); 72nd (1931-1933) Carl Albert Collection CAC_CC_001_9_0_3_0000, Box 3, Folder 80, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/146 CAC_CC_001_9_0000_3_80 https://jones-2.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/Carl%20Albert%20Collection,%201947-1977%2FMaps,%20CAC_CC_001_9_0000_0000_0000%2FThumbnails%2FCAC_CC_001_9_0000_3_80_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/888298 https://jones-2.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/Carl%20Albert%20Collection,%201947-1977%2FMaps,%20CAC_CC_001_9_0000_0000_0000%2FCAC_CC_001_9_0000_3_80.pdf maps (documents) Transportation--United States; Land use--Planning; Water resources development--Law and legislation--United States 1 Page This document is a detailed project map from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, showcasing the geographical layout of several U.S. states including Oklahoma, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Arkansas, and Texas. It contains notable features such as the Muskogee River, Eufaula Reservoir, various counties and cities, and specific range coordinates. The map also includes detailed information about reservoir data, flood control storage, power storage, reservoir area, shorelines, and relocated roads and railroads. It provides the locations of commercial airports, public use areas, and an array of other important landmarks. The map seems to have been created or updated in 2007 and originally in 1956. Image Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Reimbursement for the Osage Tribe: A Call for Justice 1865-09-29 1865-09-29 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 75th (1937-1939) George B. Schwabe Collection CAC_CC_47_1_0000, Box 5, Folder 44, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/37 CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0007 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0007_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/862343 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0007.pdf correspondence Native Americans Land use--Planning; Indians of North America--Claims Osage Tribe, Oklahoma 6 Pages The Secretary of the Interior is responding to a request for a report on a bill authorizing an appropriation for payment to the Osage Tribe of Indians for land sold by the United States. The bill relates to a treaty from 1865 where the Osages agreed to sell their land to the US in exchange for a sum of money. The court found that the Osages did not fully understand the treaty and protested when they learned that the proceeds were being used for other tribes. A bill to reimburse the Osages for this discrepancy has been introduced in Congress. The Secretary recommends a direct appropriation to avoid delays and expenses associated with court action. Text Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Report on Bills Authorizing Appropriation for Osage Tribe of Indians 1865-09-29 1865-09-29 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 75th (1937-1939) George B. Schwabe Collection CAC_CC_47_1_0000, Box 5, Folder 44, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/37 CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0008 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0008_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/862344 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/CAC_CC_047_1_5_44_0008.pdf correspondence Native Americans Indians of North America--Claims Osage Tribe, Oklahoma 5 Pages The document discusses two bills authorizing an appropriation for the Osage Tribe of Indians for land sold to the United States. It outlines the history of the funds from the sale, court rulings, and proposed provisions for interest payments and gratuity offsets. The document also suggests ways to simplify the calculation of interest payments and ensure proper protection of the United States' interests. Text Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Reimbursement for Osage Lands: Justice for the Osage Tribe 1865-09-29 1865-09-29 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 76th (1939-1941); 74th (1935-1937); 75th (1937-1939) George B. Schwabe Collection CAC_CC_47_1_0000, Box 5, Folder 47, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/37 CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0001 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0001_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/862383 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0001.pdf correspondence Native Americans Indians of North America--Oklahoma; Indians of North America--Claims 5 Pages The document discusses a bill to authorize an appropriation of funds for the Osage Tribe of Indians in relation to the sale of their lands to the United States. It outlines the history of the treaty, court findings regarding the Osages' understanding of the treaty, and the Senate Committee's recommendation for reimbursement to the tribe. It also mentions a similar bill introduced in Congress and the Department's belief that Congress should address the issue of reimbursement directly. Text Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK The Osage Treaty of 1865: Injustice and Discontent 1865-09-29 1865-09-29 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 72nd (1931-1933) George B. Schwabe Collection CAC_CC_47_1_0000, Box 5, Folder 47, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/37 CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0005 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0005_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/862387 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0005.pdf correspondence Native Americans Land use--Planning; Indians of North America--Oklahoma Cherokee Nation; Cheyenne and Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribess; Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma; Osage Tribe, Oklahoma 3 Pages The document discusses the findings of fact in Case B-38 in the Court of Claims regarding a treaty signed with the Osage Nation in 1865. The Osage chiefs who signed the treaty were full-blood blanket Indians who did not speak English, and the negotiations were conducted through interpreters. The Osages believed the "civilization fund" created by the treaty would benefit only their tribe, but the funds were used for the benefit of other tribes as well. The Osages protested against this interpretation and sought relief through Congress. Ultimately, only a small portion of the funds were used for the Osage tribe, and the rest was returned to the Treasury. Text Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Dispute Over Osage Civilization Fund Treaty 1865-09-29 1865-09-29 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 72nd (1931-1933) George B. Schwabe Collection CAC_CC_47_1_0000, Box 5, Folder 47, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/37 CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0006 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0006_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/862388 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201935-1939/CAC_CC_047_1_5_47_0006.pdf correspondence Native Americans Land use--Planning; Indians of North America--Oklahoma; Indians of North America--Claims Osage Tribe, Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma 4 Pages The Osage Tribe of Indians filed a claim against the United States for misappropriation of funds and failure to pay them under a treaty from 1865. The treaty was negotiated with limited language abilities of the Osages and the interpretation of the terms, particularly the "civilization fund," was disputed. The Osages protested when they learned the fund was being used for other tribes and have been complaining and seeking legal assistance since then. The bone of contention is the language in the treaty regarding the sale of land and the creation of the civilization fund. Text Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Claimants of the Black Bob Band Royal Ohio Kansas Shawnee Indians 1868-10-14 1868-10-14 Lookout, Fred, 1861-1949 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 79th (1945-1947) George B. Schwabe Collection CAC_CC_47_1_0000, Box 5, Folder 36, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/37 CAC_CC_047_1_5_36_0017 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_36_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201945-1946/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_047_1_5_36_0017_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/862277 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/George%20B.%20Schwabe%20Collection%20/CAC_CC_047_1_0000_0000_0000-79th%20Congress,%201945-1947/CAC_CC_047_1_5_36_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%201945-1946/CAC_CC_047_1_5_36_0017.pdf correspondence Native Americans Land use--Planning; Indians of North America--Claims Osage Tribe, Oklahoma 5 Pages The document discusses the creation of a power of attorney for Chief Samuel Perry and other individuals to investigate and establish claims for the Shawnee Indians. It also mentions a bill conferring jurisdiction to hear and determine the claims of the Black Bob Band of Shawnee Indians against the United States. The claims include losses due to the failure of the US to comply with treaties and agreements, as well as compensation for property and assets withheld from the Shawnee Nation. The document outlines the various claims and requests for compensation for the Shawnee Indians. Text Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Indian Territory Map identifying Tribal land - Digitized 1889-01-01 1889-01-01 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 51st (1889-1891) Robert S. Kerr Collection CAC_CC_031_14_0_3_0000, Box 3, Folder 129, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/102 CAC_CC_031_14_0000_3_129 https://jones-2.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/Robert%20S.%20Kerr%20Collection,%201871-1970%2FMaps,%201889-1962-CAC_CC_031_14_0000_0000_0000%2FThumbnails%2FCAC_CC_031_14_0000_3_129_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/888537 https://jones-2.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/Robert%20S.%20Kerr%20Collection,%201871-1970%2FMaps,%201889-1962-CAC_CC_031_14_0000_0000_0000%2FCAC_CC_031_14_0000_3_129.pdf maps (documents) 1 Page The document represents a map item is a historical topographic map of Indian Territory. Map was Compiled under the direction of the Honorable: John H. Oberly. Commissioner of Indian Affairs by C.A. Maxwell. Chief Law and Land Division, Indian Bureau. With the added blue and red annotations, the map emphasizes the areas of land granted to the Cheyenne's and Arapahos [Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes].However, the map depicts the Tribal sections and land from 1889 to include: Choctaw Nation, Chickasaw Nation, Apache and Comanche, Wichita's, Pottawatomie, Seminoles, Sac and Fox, Kickapoos, Iowa's, Creek Country, Cherokees, Osages, Tonkawa's, Poncas, Otoe Missouria's. All treaty dates are notated on the map. Historical, topographic map (positive photostat print); 25 1/4 x 32 9/16 inches; Annotated (red, pencil) outline of land area associated with the Executive Order of August 10, 1869; Inscribed (red, pencil): 5,138,560 acres; Inscribed (pen): granted to Cheyenne's and Arapaho's. by Executive order of August 10, 1869; Annotated (blue, pencil) outline of land area associated with the Treaty of October 28, 1867; Inscribed (blue, pencil): 5,184,640 acres; Inscribed (pen): Granted to Cheyenne and Arapahoe's by Treaty of October 28, 1867; Inscribed (bottom, right corner): 96772 O - 49 (Face p. 44). Image Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Correspondence Regarding Land Affairs of the Otoe and Missouria Tribes, 1894-1938 1894-01-01 1894-01-01 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 54th (1895-1897); 57th (1901-1903); 70th (1927-1929); 61st (1909-1911); 53rd (1893-1895); 73rd (1933-1935); 72nd (1931-1933); 65th (1917-1919); 66th (1919-1921); 64th (1915-1917); 71st (1929-1931); 56th (1899-1901); 67th (1921-1923); 69th (1925-1927); 59th (1905-1907); 55th (1897-1899); 63rd (1913-1915); 68th (1923-1925); 74th (1935-1937); 75th (1937-1939); 58th (1903-1905); 60th (1907-1909); 62nd (1911-1913) John William "Elmer" Thomas Collection CAC_CC_053_12_10_52_0000, Box 52, Folder 1, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/47 CAC_CC_053_12_10_52_0001 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20William%20Elmer%20Thomas%20Collection/CAC_CC_053_12_10_52_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%20Otoe-Missouria,%20May-Nov.,%201936/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_053_12_10_52_0001_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/887851 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20William%20Elmer%20Thomas%20Collection/CAC_CC_053_12_10_52_0000-Indian%20Affairs,%20Otoe-Missouria,%20May-Nov.,%201936/CAC_CC_053_12_10_52_0001.pdf correspondence Indians of North America--Oklahoma Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians 3 Pages The letter is from William B. Burgess to Senator Thomas regarding a land sale issue involving the Otoe and Missouria tribes of Indians. The letter mentions that the tribes were misled by the U.S. Government in a land sale, and asks for assistance in resolving the issue. The letter references specific acts of Congress related to the sale of the tribes' lands, and requests that the Senator take action on behalf of the Tribes. The response from the Department of the Interior provides information on the Act of Congress approved in 1893 regarding the revision and adjustment of the land sales. Text Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK The Brick Kiln Decision: Judge C.B. Kilgore 1895-01-01 1895-01-01 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 56th (1899-1901); 54th (1895-1897); 55th (1897-1899); 57th (1901-1903) Claude Weaver Collection CAC_CC_55_2_2_2_0000, Box, 2, 2, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/62 CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0001 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/Claude%20Weaver%20Collection,%201861-1953/Legal%20Career-CAC_CC_055_2_0000_0000_0000/CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0000-Indian%20Territory,%201895-1902/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0001_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/873711 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/Claude%20Weaver%20Collection,%201861-1953/Legal%20Career-CAC_CC_055_2_0000_0000_0000/CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0000-Indian%20Territory,%201895-1902/CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0001.pdf correspondence Native Americans Flood control; Indians of North America--Oklahoma 7 Pages The document discusses the famous Brick Kiln Decision of Judge C.B. Kilgore, who was known for his arbitrary and prejudiced rulings. The case involved a dispute between Robinson and Fields and Brown over profits from a brick-making venture. Despite initial favoritism towards Robinson and Fields, Judge Kilgore ultimately ruled in favor of Brown, believing him to be an honest and hardworking man. The decision left Robinson and Fields disappointed and highlighted Judge Kilgore's unconventional approach to justice. Text Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK The Famous Brick Kiln Decision of Judge C.B. Kilgore 1895-01-01 1895-01-01 unknown http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ eng 55th (1897-1899); 57th (1901-1903); 56th (1899-1901); 54th (1895-1897) Claude Weaver Collection CAC_CC_55_2_2_2_0000, Box, 2, 2, University of Oklahoma, Carl Albert Center Archives, Norman, OK, Standard Shelving https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/resources/62 CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0002 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/Claude%20Weaver%20Collection,%201861-1953/Legal%20Career-CAC_CC_055_2_0000_0000_0000/CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0000-Indian%20Territory,%201895-1902/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0002_thumbnail.jpg https://arc.libraryhost.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/873712 https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/Claude%20Weaver%20Collection,%201861-1953/Legal%20Career-CAC_CC_055_2_0000_0000_0000/CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0000-Indian%20Territory,%201895-1902/CAC_CC_055_2_2_2_0002.pdf correspondence Native Americans Indians of North America--Claims; Indians of North America--Oklahoma Chickasaw Nation 4 Pages The document discusses the famous brick kiln decision made by Judge C.B. Kilgore in the United States Court for the southern district of the Indian Territory. The case involved a dispute between a brick maker named Brown and a firm of merchants named Robinson and Fields. Judge Kilgore ruled in favor of both parties, finding the merchants had a valid claim for goods and services provided, and also ruling in favor of Brown for the amount of bricks he claimed to have made. Kilgore also criticized the merchants for taking the law into their own hands and awarded additional bricks to Brown as compensation for their trespass. The case was eventually settled out of court. Text