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- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0007
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Tribal Leaders' Response to the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Activism in 1972: A Compilation of Messages
- Date:
- 1972-11-04
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Ojibwa Indians, Mescalero Apache Indians, Apache Indians, Cherokee Nation
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Claims, Indians of North America--Oklahoma, Campaign management--United States
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0021
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Letter: Overton James, President of the Inter-Tribal Council of the Five Civilized Tribes, to Congressman Camp
- Date:
- 1972-11-06
- Creator:
- James, Overton, 1925-2015
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Ponca Tribe of Nation
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Oklahoma
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0006
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Statement by Yakima Tribal Council Secretary on the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Caravan and the State of Reservation Indian Affairs
- Date:
- 1972-11-06
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Oklahoma, Armed Forces
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0001
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Testimony of William L. Farrison on the Findings of the Indian Impact Survey Team and the 1972 Bureau of Indian Affairs Takeover
- Date:
- 1972-11-07
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Navajo Indians
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Claims, Campaign management--United States, Indians of North America--Oklahoma
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0002
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Commissioner's Letter to the National Congress of American Indians Regarding the Impact of the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Protest March
- Date:
- 1972-11-07
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Topic:
- Campaign management--United States, Indians of North America--Claims, Indians of North America--Oklahoma
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_1_0011
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Congressional Hearings on the Illegal Seizure of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Headquarters by the Trail of Broken Treaties Group
- Date:
- 1972-11-08
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Claims, Indians of North America--Oklahoma, Foreign relations
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0030
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- The American Indian Movement
- Date:
- 1972-11-09
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans, Public Lands and Natural Resources
- Names:
- Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma, Cherokee Nation
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Oklahoma
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0012
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Public Statement by Charles E. Trimble on the Activities and Stance of the National Congress of American Indians During the Trail of Broken Treaties
- Date:
- 1972-11-10
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Public Lands and Natural Resources, Health, Native Americans
- Topic:
- Land use--Planning, Indians of North America--Claims, Indians of North America--Oklahoma
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0013
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Protesting Indians Cause Third Heaviest Damage to US Federal Building in History
- Date:
- 1972-11-11
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Oklahoma, Environmental Protection, Indians of North America--Claims
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0005
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- National Tribal Chairmen's Association Position Statement on Illegal Occupation and Destruction of Bureau of Indian Affairs Building
- Date:
- 1972-11-11
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Navajo Indians
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Claims, Indians of North America--Oklahoma, United States
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
![["Tribal leaders are expressing their disapproval of the actions taken by militant Indian groups in Washington D.C. They do not support the takeover of the Bureau of Indian Affairs office and believe that these groups do not represent the majority of Indian people. They emphasize the importance of consulting with elected tribal leaders and handling issues through proper channels and negotiation. They are calling for an end to the disruptions and for justice to be served to those causing harm to the Indian community."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0007_thumbnail.jpg "Tribal Leaders' Response to the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Activism in 1972: A Compilation of Messages")
![["Don E. Smith to John Happy Camp expresses outrage at the recent takeover of a Washington Bureau of Indian Affairs office by a group of Native Americans. He feels that the government is being too lenient with the protesters and that someone needs to speak out against this type of lawlessness."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0021_thumbnail.jpg "Letter: Overton James, President of the Inter-Tribal Council of the Five Civilized Tribes, to Congressman Camp")
![["Mrs. Genevieve Hooper, representing the Yakima Tribal Council, expresses concern at a press conference about the lack of respect and confidence in the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and the Administration's handling of Indian affairs. She criticizes the BIA for listening to self-styled Indian leaders instead of elected reservation leaders, and expresses fear that the demands of the caravan \"Trail of Broken Treaties\" will lead to a shift in priorities away from reservations. She questions the actions of Commissioner Bruce and suggests that the BIA is being destroyed by its involvement with non-reservation Indians. Hooper calls for a focus on improving conditions on reservations and involving elected reservation leaders in decision-making."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0006_thumbnail.jpg "Statement by Yakima Tribal Council Secretary on the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Caravan and the State of Reservation Indian Affairs")
![["William L. Farrison, a Papago Indian and elected representative of Arizona, Nevada, and Utah to the National Congress of American Indians, discusses the findings of the Indian Impact Survey Team following the occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs building in 1972. The team was formed to assess the impact of the takeover on Indian affairs and relationships with various government agencies. Farrison emphasizes the frustration and anger that led to the occupation, highlighting the long history of deprivation and poverty experienced by American Indians. He urges a deeper understanding of the underlying issues and the need for recommendations to address the unrest."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0001_thumbnail.jpg "Testimony of William L. Farrison on the Findings of the Indian Impact Survey Team and the 1972 Bureau of Indian Affairs Takeover")
![["The letter from the Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs discusses the impact of the \"Trail of Broken Treaties\" protest march on Indian affairs and people. It mentions the damage to BIA facilities and records, the potential effects on relationships among Indian people and non-Indian officials, and the monetary costs of the damages. The Commissioner requests an Impact Survey Team to assess the situation objectively and report on the incident's impact."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0002_thumbnail.jpg "Commissioner's Letter to the National Congress of American Indians Regarding the Impact of the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Protest March")
![["The Subcommittee on Indian Affairs will be holding hearings on December 4, 5, and 6, 1972 to consider the recent illegal seizure and occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Headquarters Building by the Trail of Broken Treaties. Government officials from various departments will be testifying, with further hearings involving Indian leaders to be scheduled later."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_1_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Schedule%20of%20Meetings,%201971-1974/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_1_0011_thumbnail.jpg "Congressional Hearings on the Illegal Seizure of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Headquarters by the Trail of Broken Treaties Group")
![["The document contains hearings on the seizure and occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs headquarters building. Statements are included from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, the Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the General Counsel of the General Services Administration, the executive director of the National Council on Indian Opportunity, and the Chief of Police of the Metropolitan Police Department. Letters are also included from the chairman of the House Interior Committee, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Counsel to the President. Additional information includes an affidavit from the Acting Commissioner of the Public Buildings Service, a chronology of events, and a list of Indian participants in the occupation of the BIA building."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0030_thumbnail.jpg "The American Indian Movement")
![["The National Congress of American Indians is the largest and oldest national Indian organization in the United States. They have refrained from making public statements regarding recent activities but have now expressed their abhorrence at the destruction of property and valuable records during the Trail of Broken Treaties. They were asked to channel funds for transportation for demonstrators, which they agreed to under the condition that the funds would not affect existing or future Indian programs. They criticize the government's response to the events and call for unity among tribal leaders to rebuild and assess the damages for the future of Indian country."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0012_thumbnail.jpg "Public Statement by Charles E. Trimble on the Activities and Stance of the National Congress of American Indians During the Trail of Broken Treaties")
![["The damage caused by protesting Indians to the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Washington, D.C. was estimated to cost $2.5 million, making it one of the most extensive ever committed by U.S. citizens on a federal building. The damage included structural repairs, record restoration, art and artifacts, employee downtime, and more. The government's estimates have skyrocketed since the end of the five-day occupation. Prosecution of the Indians involved is threatened, with assurances of amnesty being discussed. The National Congress of American Indians denounced the destructive demonstration and accused the administration of deceit. The Justice Department is investigating the damage, and hearings will be held to consider the impact of the demonstration on Indian programs. NTCA called for the removal of officials who failed to protect the BIA offices and records."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0013_thumbnail.jpg "Protesting Indians Cause Third Heaviest Damage to US Federal Building in History")
![["The National Tribal Chairmen's Association condemns the illegal occupation and destruction of the Bureau of Indian Affairs building by dissident groups. They call for the rebuilding of the building, prosecution of those responsible, and reject negotiations with illegitimate groups. They demand the return of stolen records and protection of tribal records in the future. They also request a Congressional investigation into the incident and emphasize that reservation Indians should not be penalized for the actions of urban dissident groups."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0005_thumbnail.jpg "National Tribal Chairmen's Association Position Statement on Illegal Occupation and Destruction of Bureau of Indian Affairs Building")