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- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0007
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Tribal Leaders' Response to the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Activism in 1972: A Compilation of Messages
- Date:
- 1972-11-04
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Ojibwa Indians, Mescalero Apache Indians, Apache Indians, Cherokee Nation
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Claims, Indians of North America--Oklahoma, Campaign management--United States
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0015
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- The Disruption of the Caravan Trail of Broken Treaties and Its Implications for Reservations
- Date:
- 1972-11-06
- Creator:
- unknown
- Topic:
- Business--United States.
- Congress:
- 93rd (1973-1975), 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0017
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- The White House Memorandum on the Trail of Broken Treaties Indians
- Date:
- 1972-11-06
- Creator:
- unknown
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0006
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Statement by Yakima Tribal Council Secretary on the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Caravan and the State of Reservation Indian Affairs
- Date:
- 1972-11-06
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Oklahoma, Armed Forces
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0001
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Testimony of William L. Farrison on the Findings of the Indian Impact Survey Team and the 1972 Bureau of Indian Affairs Takeover
- Date:
- 1972-11-07
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Navajo Indians
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Claims, Campaign management--United States, Indians of North America--Oklahoma
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0002
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Commissioner's Letter to the National Congress of American Indians Regarding the Impact of the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Protest March
- Date:
- 1972-11-07
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Topic:
- Campaign management--United States, Indians of North America--Claims, Indians of North America--Oklahoma
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_1_0011
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Congressional Hearings on the Illegal Seizure of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Headquarters by the Trail of Broken Treaties Group
- Date:
- 1972-11-08
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Claims, Indians of North America--Oklahoma, Foreign relations
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0020
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Hearings on the Illegal Seizure of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Headquarters Building
- Date:
- 1972-11-08
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Names:
- Ponca Tribe of Nation
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0023
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- Letter: Don E. Smith to John Happy Camp expresses outrage at the recent takeover of a Washington Bureau of Indian Affairs office by a group of Native Americans
- Date:
- 1972-11-09
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
- Identifier:
- CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0030
- Contributing Institution:
- Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
- Collection:
- John N. "Happy" Camp Collection
- Title:
- The American Indian Movement
- Date:
- 1972-11-09
- Creator:
- unknown
- Policy Area:
- Native Americans, Public Lands and Natural Resources
- Names:
- Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma, Cherokee Nation
- Topic:
- Indians of North America--Oklahoma
- Congress:
- 92nd (1971-1973)
![["Tribal leaders are expressing their disapproval of the actions taken by militant Indian groups in Washington D.C. They do not support the takeover of the Bureau of Indian Affairs office and believe that these groups do not represent the majority of Indian people. They emphasize the importance of consulting with elected tribal leaders and handling issues through proper channels and negotiation. They are calling for an end to the disruptions and for justice to be served to those causing harm to the Indian community."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0007_thumbnail.jpg "Tribal Leaders' Response to the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Activism in 1972: A Compilation of Messages")
![["The White House has reached an agreement with the Trail of Broken Treaties Indians, whereby a task force will be created to review federal Indian policy and needs. The task force will be led by Frank Carlucci and Leonard Garment, and will include representatives from various federal agencies. The task force will seek input from a broad cross-section of the Indian community, and will make recommendations to the President by June 1, 1973."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0015_thumbnail.jpg "The Disruption of the Caravan Trail of Broken Treaties and Its Implications for Reservations")
![["The General Counsel of the General Services Administration testified before the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs regarding the recent occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Building by a group of Indians known as the Trail of Broken Treaties. He explained that the GSA is responsible for maintaining, operating, and protecting Federal buildings and other property, and for appointing special policemen to enforce laws on Federal property. He stated that the GSA had been assisting the Department of the Interior in planning for the proposed demonstration of the Trail of Broken Treaties, but that at no time was there any indication that the Indians' visit would be anything but orderly. He noted that the GSA had deployed additional officers in and around the BIA Building and had maintained a 24-hour standby force of Federal Protective Officers in the Interior Department Auditorium, but that no request had been made to evict or arrest the demonstrators who had begun to enter the main part of the BIA Building. He stated that"]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0017_thumbnail.jpg "The White House Memorandum on the Trail of Broken Treaties Indians")
![["Mrs. Genevieve Hooper, representing the Yakima Tribal Council, expresses concern at a press conference about the lack of respect and confidence in the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and the Administration's handling of Indian affairs. She criticizes the BIA for listening to self-styled Indian leaders instead of elected reservation leaders, and expresses fear that the demands of the caravan \"Trail of Broken Treaties\" will lead to a shift in priorities away from reservations. She questions the actions of Commissioner Bruce and suggests that the BIA is being destroyed by its involvement with non-reservation Indians. Hooper calls for a focus on improving conditions on reservations and involving elected reservation leaders in decision-making."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0006_thumbnail.jpg "Statement by Yakima Tribal Council Secretary on the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Caravan and the State of Reservation Indian Affairs")
![["William L. Farrison, a Papago Indian and elected representative of Arizona, Nevada, and Utah to the National Congress of American Indians, discusses the findings of the Indian Impact Survey Team following the occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs building in 1972. The team was formed to assess the impact of the takeover on Indian affairs and relationships with various government agencies. Farrison emphasizes the frustration and anger that led to the occupation, highlighting the long history of deprivation and poverty experienced by American Indians. He urges a deeper understanding of the underlying issues and the need for recommendations to address the unrest."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0001_thumbnail.jpg "Testimony of William L. Farrison on the Findings of the Indian Impact Survey Team and the 1972 Bureau of Indian Affairs Takeover")
![["The letter from the Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs discusses the impact of the \"Trail of Broken Treaties\" protest march on Indian affairs and people. It mentions the damage to BIA facilities and records, the potential effects on relationships among Indian people and non-Indian officials, and the monetary costs of the damages. The Commissioner requests an Impact Survey Team to assess the situation objectively and report on the incident's impact."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Occupation%20of%20the%20BIA%20Building%20in%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Statements%20Before%20the%20Subcommittee,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_6_0002_thumbnail.jpg "Commissioner's Letter to the National Congress of American Indians Regarding the Impact of the 'Trail of Broken Treaties' Protest March")
![["The Subcommittee on Indian Affairs will be holding hearings on December 4, 5, and 6, 1972 to consider the recent illegal seizure and occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Headquarters Building by the Trail of Broken Treaties. Government officials from various departments will be testifying, with further hearings involving Indian leaders to be scheduled later."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_1_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Schedule%20of%20Meetings,%201971-1974/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_1_0011_thumbnail.jpg "Congressional Hearings on the Illegal Seizure of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Headquarters by the Trail of Broken Treaties Group")
![["The document contains a telegram from Jim Holt to Congressman Camp regarding the occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs building. Holt urges Camp to support the prosecution of the Indians involved, calling the occupation a national disgrace."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0020_thumbnail.jpg "Hearings on the Illegal Seizure of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Headquarters Building")
![["The document contains a letter from Gene Zaloudek of Zaloudek Implement Company to Congressman Happy Camp. In the letter, Zaloudek expresses his outrage at the government's handling of a recent incident involving a group of Native Americans, and urges Camp to take action to prevent similar incidents in the future."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0023_thumbnail.jpg "Letter: Don E. Smith to John Happy Camp expresses outrage at the recent takeover of a Washington Bureau of Indian Affairs office by a group of Native Americans")
![["The document contains hearings on the seizure and occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs headquarters building. Statements are included from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, the Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the General Counsel of the General Services Administration, the executive director of the National Council on Indian Opportunity, and the Chief of Police of the Metropolitan Police Department. Letters are also included from the chairman of the House Interior Committee, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Counsel to the President. Additional information includes an affidavit from the Acting Commissioner of the Public Buildings Service, a chronology of events, and a list of Indian participants in the occupation of the BIA building."]](https://jones-2.s3.amazonaws.com/John%20N.%20Happy%20Camp%20Collection/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0000-Committee%20on%20Interior%20and%20Insular%20Affairs%20Trail%20of%20Broken%20Treaties%20Caravan,%20Hearings,%201972-1973/Thumbnails/CAC_CC_009_2_67_5_0030_thumbnail.jpg "The American Indian Movement")